List of Constitutional ammendments in India

	Date of Enforcement	Objectives
1st amendment	18-Jun-51	To fully secure the constitutional validity of zamindari abolition laws.
		To place reasonable restriction on freedom of speech.
		A new constitutional device, called Schedule 9 introduced to protect laws that are contrary to the Constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights.
		These laws encroach upon property rights, freedom of speech and equality before law
2nd amendment	1-May-53	A technical amendment to fix the size of each parliamentary constituency between 650,000 and 850,000 voters.
3rd amendment	22-Feb-55	Limits maximum no of seats in lok Sabha up to 500
		States to be divided into constituencies such that one member of a constituency represents between 500000 and 750000 people
4th amendment	27-Apr-55	Restrictions on property rights and inclusion of related bills in Schedule 9 of the constitution
5th amendment	24-Dec-55	Provides for a consultation mechanism with concerned states in matters relating to the amendments to the territorial matters and in the re-naming of the state
6th amendment	11-Sep-56	Amended the Union and State Lists with respect to raising of taxes
7th amendment	1-Nov-56	Reorganization of states on linguistic lines
		Abolition of Class A, B, C, D states
		Introduction of Union Territories
8th amendment	5-Jan-60	Clarify state's power of compulsory acquisition and requisitioning of private property
		Include Zamindari abolition laws in Schedule 9 of the constitution
9th amendment	28-Dec-60	Minor adjustments to territory of Indian Union consequent to agreement with Pakistan for settlement of disputes by demarcation of border villages, etc.
10th amendment	11-Aug-61	Incorporation of Dadra, Nagar and Haveli as a Union Territory after acquisition from Portugal
11th amendment	19-Dec-61	Election of Vice President by Electoral College consisting of members of both Houses of Parliament, instead of election by a Joint Sitting of Parliament.
		Indemnify the President and Vice President Election procedure from challenge on grounds of existence of any vacancies in the electoral college
12th amendment	20-Dec-61	Incorporation of Goa, Daman and Diu as a Union Territory, after acquisition from Portugal
13th amendment	1-Dec-63	Formation of State of Nagaland, with special protection under Article 371A
14th amendment	28-Dec-62	Incorporation of Pondicherry into the Union of India
		Creation of Legislative Assemblies for Himachal Pradesh, Tripura, Manipur and Goa
15th amendment	5-Oct-63	Raise retirement age of judges from 60 to 62
		Other minor amendments for rationalizing interpretation of rules regarding judges etc.
16th amendment	5-Oct-63	Make it obligatory for seekers of public office to swear their allegiance to the Indian Republic and prescribe the various obligatory templates
17th amendment	20-Jun-64	To secure the constitutional validity of acquisition of Estates and place land acquisition laws in Schedule 9 of the constitution
18th amendment	27-Aug-66	Technical Amendment to include Union Territories in Article 3 and hence permit reorganisation of Union Territories
19th amendment	11-Dec-66	Abolish Election Tribunals and enable trial of election petitions by regular High Courts
20th amendment	22-Dec-66	Indemnify & validate judgments, decrees, orders and sentences passed by judges.
		Validate the appointment, posting, promotion and transfer of judges except those not eligible for appointment under article 233.
		Amendment was needed to overcome the effect of judgement invalidating appointments of certain judges in the state of Uttar Pradesh
21th amendment	10-Apr-67	Included Sindhi as a National Language
22nd amendment	25-Sep-69	Provision to form Autonomous states within the State of Assam
23rd amendment	23-Jan-70	Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e. up to 1980
24th amendment	5-Nov-71	Enable parliament to dilute fundamental rights through amendments to the constitution
25th amendment	20-Apr-72	Restrict property rights and compensation in case the state takes over private property
26th amendment	28-Dec-71	Abolition of privy purse paid to former rulers of princely states which were incorporated into the Indian Republic
27th amendment	15-Feb-72	Reorganization of Mizoram into a Union Territory with a legislature and council of ministers
28th amendment	29-Aug-72	Rationalized Civil Service rules to make it uniform across those appointed prior to Independence and post independence
29th amendment	9-Jun-72	Places land reform acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
30th amendment	27-Feb-73	Changes the basis for appeals in Supreme Court of India in case of Civil Suits from value criteria to one involving substantial question of law
31th amendment	17-Oct-73	Increased size of Parliament from 525 to 545 seats.
		Increased seats went to the new states formed in North East India and minor adjustment consequent to 1971 Delimitation exercise
32nd amendment	1-Jul-74	Protection of regional rights in Telangana and Andhra regions of State of Andhra Pradesh
33rd amendment	19-May-74	Prescribes procedure for resignation by members of parliament and state legislatures
		Prescribes procedure for verification and acceptance of resignation by house speaker
34th amendment	7-Sep-74	Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
35th amendment	1-Mar-75	Terms and Conditions for the Incorporation of Sikkim into the Union of India
36th amendment	26-Apr-75	Formation of Sikkim as a State within the Indian Union
37th amendment	3-May-75	Formation of Arunachal Pradesh legislative assembly
38th amendment	1-Aug-75	Enhances the powers of President and Governors to pass ordinances
39th amendment	10-Aug-75	Negated the judgement of Allahabad High Court invalidating Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's election to parliament.
		Amendment placed restrictions on judicial scrutiny of post of Prime Minister
40th amendment	27-May-76	Enable Parliament to make laws with respect to Exclusive Economic Zone and vest the mineral wealth with Union of India.
		Place land reform & other acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
41th amendment	7-Sep-76	Raised Retirement Age Limit of Chairmen and Members of Union and State Public Commissions from sixty to sixty two.
42nd amendment	1-Apr-77	Amendment passed during internal emergency by Indira Gandhi.
		Provides for curtailment of fundamental rights, imposes fundamental duties and changes to the basic structure of the constitution by making India a "Socialist Secular" Republic
43rd amendment	13-Apr-78	Amendment passed after revocation of internal emergency in the Country.
		Repeals some of the more 'Anti-Freedom' amendments enacted through Amendment Bill 42
44th amendment	6-Sep-79	Amendment passed after revocation of internal emergency in the Country.
		Provides for human rights safeguards and mechanisms to prevent abuse of executive and legislative authority.
		Annuls some Amendments enacted in Amendment Bill 42
45th amendment	25-Jan-80	Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e. up to 1990
46th amendment	2-Feb-83	Amendment to negate judicial pronouncements on scope and applicability on Sales Tax
47th amendment	26-Aug-84	Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
48th amendment	1-Apr-85	Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to two years in the state of Punjab
49th amendment	11-Sep-84	Recognize Tripura as a Tribal State and enable the creation of a Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council
50th amendment	11-Sep-84	Technical Amendment to curtailment of Fundamental Rights as per Part III as prescribed in Article 33 to cover Security Personnel protecting property and communication infrastructure
51th amendment	16-Jun-86	Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assemblies
52nd amendment	1-Mar-85	Anti Defection Law - Provide disqualification of members from parliament and assembly in case of defection from one party to other
53rd amendment	20-Feb-87	Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram.
54th amendment	1-Apr-86	Increase the salary of Chief Justice of India & other Judges
		Provisions for determining future increases without the need for constitutional amendment
55th amendment	20-Feb-87	Special powers to Governor consequent to formation of state of Arunachal Pradesh
56th amendment	30-May-87	Transition provision to enable formation of state of Goa
57th amendment	21-Sep-87	Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assemblies
58th amendment	9-Dec-87	Provision to publish authentic Hindi translation of constitution
		Provision to publish authentic Hindi translation of future amendments
59th amendment	30-Mar-88	Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to three years in the state of Punjab
		Articles 352 and Article 359A amended to permit imposing emergency in state of Punjab or in specific districts of the state of Punjab
60th amendment	20-Dec-88	Professional Tax increased from a maximum of Rs. 250/- to a maximum of Rs. 2500/-
61th amendment	28-Mar-89	Reduce age for voting rights from 21 to 18
62nd amendment	20-Dec-89	Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e. up to 2000
63rd amendment	6-Jan-90	Emergency powers applicable to State of Punjab, accorded in Article 359A as per amendment 59 repealed
64th amendment	16-Apr-90	Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to three years and six months in the state of Punjab
65th amendment	12-Mar-92	National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes formed and its statutory powers specified in The Constitution.
66th amendment	7-Jun-90	Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
67th amendment	4-Oct-90	Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to four years in the state of Punjab
68th amendment	12-Mar-91	Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to five years in the state of Punjab
69th amendment	1-Feb-92	To provide for a legislative assembly and council of ministers for Federal National Capital of Delhi. Delhi continues to be a Union Territory
70th amendment	21-Dec-91	Include National Capital of Delhi and Union Territory of Pondicherry in electoral college for Presidential Election
71th amendment	31-Aug-92	Include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali as National Languages
72nd amendment	5-Dec-92	Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Tripura State Legislative Assembly
73rd amendment	24-Apr-93	Statutory provisions for Panchayat Raj as third level of administration in villages
74th amendment	1-Jun-93	Statutory provisions for Local Administrative bodies as third level of administration in urban areas such as towns and cities
75th amendment	15-May-94	Provisions for setting up Rent Control Tribunals
76th amendment	31-Aug-94	Enable continuance of 69% reservation in Tamil Nadu by including the relevant Tamil Nadu Act under 9th Schedule of the constitution
77th amendment	17-Jun-95	A technical amendment to protect reservation to SC/ST Employees in promotions
78th amendment	30-Aug-95	Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
79th amendment	25-Jan-00	Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e. up to 2010
80th amendment	9-Jun-00	Implement Tenth Finance Commission recommendation to simplify the tax structures by pooling and sharing all taxes between states and The Centre
81th amendment	9-Jun-00	Protect SC / ST reservation in filling backlog of vacancies
82nd amendment	8-Sep-00	Permit relaxation of qualifying marks and other criteria in reservation in promotion for SC / ST candidates
83rd amendment	8-Sep-00	Exempt Arunachal Pradesh from reservation for Scheduled Castes in Panchayati Raj institutions
84th amendment	21-Feb-02	Extend the usage of 1971 national census population figures for state wise distribution of parliamentary seats
85th amendment	4-Jan-02	A technical amendment to protect seniority in case of promotions of SC/ST Employees
86th amendment	12-Dec-02	Provides Right to Education until the age of fourteen and Early childhood care until the age of six
87th amendment	22-Jun-03	Extend the usage of 1971 national census population figures for state wise distribution of parliamentary seats
88th amendment	15-Jan-04	To extend statutory cover for levy and utilization of Service Tax
89th amendment	28-Sep-03	The National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was bifurcated into The National Commission for Scheduled Castes and The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
90th amendment	28-Sep-03	Reservation in Assam Assembly relating to Bodoland Territory Area
91th amendment	1-Jan-04	Restrict the size of council of ministers to 15 % of legislative members & to strengthen Anti Defection laws
92nd amendment	7-Jan-04	Enable Levy of Service Tax
		Include Bodo, Dogri, Santali and Maithili as National Languages
93rd amendment	20-Jan-06	To enable provision of reservation for other backward classes (O.B.C.) in government as well as private educational institutions
94th amendment	12-Jun-06	To provide for a Minister of Tribal Welfare in newly created Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh States
95th amendment	25-Jan-10	Extended the reservation of seats in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for SC and ST from sixty to seventy years
96th amendment	23-Sep-11	Substituted "Odia" for "Oriya"
97th amendment	12-Jan-12	Added the words "or co-operative societies" in Article 19(l)(c) and inserted article 43B i.e, Promotion of Co-operative Societies and added Part-IXB i.e, THE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES